Pay attention to high temperature and heat damage in summer vegetables

High temperatures in summer can easily cause high temperature and heat damage in vegetables. It is usually characterized by slow growth of plants, poor flower bud differentiation, pollination and fertilization, and increased fruit loss and abnormal fruit. Fruits and vegetables are prone to sunburn, and the diseased part is sun-white or light-white leathery in the hot sun. The tissue is necrotic and hard, and it is often rotted by saprophytic bacteria in the later stage. The defense measures are: (1) Selection of heat-resistant and disease-resistant varieties. (2) Improve the management method of cultivation. Reasonably densely planted to make the stems and leaves shade each other. Intercropping with high-stalk crops, using high-stalk crops to shade vegetables. When the summer tomato is pruned, leave 2 to 3 leaves on the top layer of the ear to shield the sun. After cabbage, broccoli, etc., the outer leaves are removed from the leaf ball to avoid direct sunlight. After the melon crops are covered with melons, the top and bottom mats of the grass can be used to prevent sunburn and rotten melons. (3) Cool down with water. Timely irrigation during high temperature season can improve the field microclimate and reduce the temperature by 1 °C ~ 3 °C, thus reducing the direct damage of high temperature to flower and photosynthetic organs. (4) Top dressing. In the high temperature season, use potassium dihydrogen Phosphate solution, superphosphate and ash leaching solution for several times, and timely spray the new high-fat film with vegetable Zhuangshen, which is beneficial to humidification and can supplement the growth and development of vegetables. Moisture and nutrition. (5) Artificial shading. A simple shade shelter is built above the vegetable plot, covered with branches or crop straws, and covered with sparse flower shades, which can lower the temperature by 3 °C ~ 4 °C. Vegetables grown in plastic greenhouses are covered with shade nets in summer, and the cooling effect can reach 4 °C ~ 6 °C, and can prevent heavy rain, hail and aphids from directly harming vegetables.

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