The cultivation technique of Pleurotus ostreatus
Pleurotus geesteranus, also known as ring mushroom, native to India, grows on the stumps of Roche Dalat. Xiu Zhen mushroom because of its beautiful shape, fresh and delicious, delicious taste, rich nutrition. It is named after the crisp and clear taste. The nutritional value of the mushroom is equivalent to that of milk. The fresh mushroom has rich protein content, many kinds of amino acids, and contains 8 kinds of essential amino acids. First, the show mushroom cultivation techniques 1, cultivation season selection According to the biological characteristics of Pleurotus mushroom and the climatic conditions of Shanghai area, can basically determine the seed production and cultivation time of Pleurotus zhenxiu, mushroom cultivation in greenhouse cultivation in Shanghai, in addition to 1, In addition, in the months of July, August and December, it is not possible to produce mushrooms normally. Other seasons can produce mushrooms. In January and February, it is possible to carry out the mushroom production of Pleurotus eryngii. Therefore, 9 months in a year can be used for Xiu Zhen. Cultivation of mushrooms. If supplemented with certain heating facilities, mushrooming of Pleurotus citrinopileatus can also be performed in the lower temperature months. 2. The selection of cultivation materials and the formulation of Pleurotus ostreatus can use basic materials such as sawdust, rice straw and cottonseed husk, respectively. The cultivation experiment shows that although the formula of mushroom cultivation materials can obtain higher yield, the cultivation period is longer and the cultivation needs in autumn. Cross over the cold winter, increase management costs. The replacement of rice straw with cottonseed hulls can achieve the same biological efficiency, shorten the cultivation cycle, and be recommended for large-scale production. Several commonly used formulas are as follows: Formula One: wood chips 60%, cottonseed husk 15%, straw 15%, bran 10%. Formula II: Wood chips 80%, bran 18%, gypsum 1%, sucrose 1%. Formula 3: wood chips 59%, cottonseed husk 30%, bran 10%, plaster 1%. Formula 4: wood chips 30%, cottonseed husk 30%, straw 30%, bran 10%. Sawdust must be sieved first to remove wood and wood chips to prevent punctures in plastic bags. The straw is immersed in lime water of PH11 for a period of 48 hours using a special machine, cut into 3-4 cm long, and remove and rinse with water to make the PH up to 7 or so, then drain the excess water. Cottonseed hulls and wheat bran are best used after being exposed to sunlight for one day. Formulation IV has a low C/N and requires high sterility at the time of inoculation. 3, mushroom management with a 17 cm 33 cm plastic bag into a water content of 62-66% (formula, water content is different) wet weight of 1.1 kg, with wood chips as the main raw material of the culture material, cultured at 22 °C In the room for 45 days, the hyphae can be filled with bacteria bags and reach a physiological maturity. However, the growth rate of mycelium was significantly different among the culture materials of different raw materials, and the growth rate of mycelium was significantly different among the strains. To obtain clear tidal times, the mushroom should be treated with low temperature. The formulation of the culture medium has an important influence on the yield and quality of Pleurotus citrinopileatus. It also affects the growth of Pleurotus eryngii and determines the cultivation cost of Pleurotus ostreatus. The formation temperature, humidity, light, and ventilation of the fruiting body of Pleurotus ostreatus are closely related. To form a relatively clean primordium, a temperature difference of at least 8°C is required for stimulation. The optimum temperature for fruiting is 20-22°C. To maintain the relative humidity of air above 90%, after the first tidal mushroom is picked, it is necessary to reduce the humidity to facilitate the maintenance of bacteria, and to prevent the mushroom surface from drying due to water loss. The concentration of carbon dioxide determines the length of the stipe of Pleurotus ostreatus. In order to meet the market's requirements for the quality of the longer stipe, it is necessary to appropriately reduce the ventilation and increase the concentration of carbon dioxide. The color of the cap is not only affected by the characteristics of the strain, but also by the light, the light intensity is large, and the color of the cap is deep. Wood chips are used as the main cultivation medium. Out of 5 tidal mushrooms, the first 3 tidal mushrooms at least to keep bacteria for 12 days, 3 tidal mushroom, the bacteria time should be more than 7 days. In the later period of cultivation, the water loss of the bacteria bag is more serious. It is necessary to add moisture to the bacteria bag by water injection or soaking. In the mushrooming stage, it is necessary to strengthen the prevention and control of pests and diseases. Second, picking and post-harvest Xiu Zhen mushroom harvest time to do timely, non-destructive, gently, gently, lightly loaded. At the same time, spraying or spraying less water should be stopped 2 days before harvest to facilitate the preservation and processing of mushrooms. After harvesting, it is necessary to promptly sort the fresh mushrooms, remove the debris on the stipe, and cut off part of the stipe according to the requirements of the commodity, and remove the mushroom body infected by the damaged mushroom pest. Learn from the fruit and vegetable preservation technology, use simple packaging, cold storage, low-temperature storage and other methods of storage. Among them, the simple packaging is to pack the mushrooms in a plastic food box, a small holed carton box is simple, low cost, suitable for short-term preservation needs, combined with refrigerated storage, generally can remain unchanged for 10 days, the appearance of the basic shape has not changed . China Agricultural Network Editor