Greenhouse fennel efficient cultivation technology
The fennel is easily cultivated and grows rapidly. It is a vegetable that the northern people like to eat. Planting fennel in greenhouses, as the front shed of spring cucumbers, tomatoes and other fruit and vegetable vegetables in greenhouses, the planting area of ​​our county is about 400 mu in the past two years, the average mu benefits are 3000-4000 yuan, and the higher ones can reach 6,000 yuan. The key cultivation techniques are as follows. First, species selection Anise is generally selected for fast growing, cold-resistant, disease-resistant, high-yield varieties, such as Inner Mongolia's anise, local flat fennel and so on. Second, fertilization soil preparation for each mu of high-quality rotten farmyard fertilizer more than 3,000 kilograms, superphosphate 100 kilograms or 15-20 kilograms of diammonium, the Pu Shi ground, deep smashing tactics, smashing width of 1.2 meters, floor flat sampan. Third, sowing 1. Seeding period is generally sown before and after the chill season. Early sowing can be done on the Osamu Festival, although the seedling period is almost the same as that sown on the Great Han Festival, but the young seedlings are robust and grow fast after being emerged. They can be harvested 7 days in advance and the economic benefits are obviously improved. Seeds before the latest Chinese New Year. 2. Sowing rate is generally about 8 to 10 kilograms per mu. 3. Seed treatment People usually call fennel seeds. They are actually double-hanging fruit and contain two seeds. They need to be split before sowing. Dried seeds of fennel seeds can be sown directly, soaked in seeds and destroyed in buds. Greenhouses are usually cultivated in spring for direct seeding or soaking, and sowing can be done if the sowing date is late. Soaking sowing: soaking in 18-20 °C water for 24 hours; germination sowing: soaked seeds, placed in 20-22 °C environment germination, washed with water once a day to wash away the mucus, buds can be about 6 days. 4. On the day of sowing sowing, the first levelling water shall be poured on the flattened concrete. The amount of water shall be flexibly controlled according to the conditions of soil moisture, soil quality, topography, etc.: low-moisture clay loam soil, water can be filled with water, soil moisture, or dry sandy soil, or water permeability. Should be big. For sowing, two sowings can be made. After sowing sieve cover soil thickness 1 cm. IV. Inter-group management After hanging sowing, immediately after hanging in the shed, a layer of plastic film is suspended at a height of 30-40 cm from the film. The thickness of the film is 0.010-0.012 mm, which can increase the temperature in the shed by 2-4°C. 2. Temperature Management Before sowing, until the emergence, closed greenhouse insulation and cold. After emergence of fennel, when the seedling height is 7-8 cm, the air is released. Generally, the air is released when the temperature exceeds 22°C in the morning, and the air outlet is closed when the temperature is lower than 20°C in the morning; the air is released when the temperature is 8-9°C in the middle, and the air outlet is closed when the temperature reaches 20°C in the afternoon; When the outside minimum temperature exceeds 3°C, it should be ventilated day and night. During the day, the tuyere should be large and the tuyere should be small at night. The maximum temperature during the day should not exceed 24°C, otherwise the fennel can easily dry. 3. When the water and fertilizer management seedlings are about 20 cm high, they are watered once and the amount of water is moderate, combined with watering, and 10 to 15 kg of urea can be topdressed. 4. Harvesting when the seedling height is 30 cm, it can be harvested, which can be harvested in succession or in one go. Generally, the yield is 1500-2000 kg per mu, and the highest per mu yield can reach 3,000 kg. V. Diseases and Insect Pests Prevention and control of greenhouse fennel generally does not cause insect pests, and the disease is mainly anisomyces sinensis disease. 1. Symptoms mainly harm stem and stem bases and petioles. The appearance of the injured plant was withered, and the affected part was brown and moist or soft and rot. The surface was covered with spider mycorrhizal fungi, ie, mycelia, and black brown mouse fecal nucleus was generated on the surface and stem cavity of the diseased part. 2. Prevention methods (l) Rotation should be carried out in severely affected areas and attention should be paid to field sanitation. Diseases and residues should be collected and burned in time. (2) Increase phosphorus and potassium fertilizers to avoid partial application of nitrogen fertilizer. (3) Spraying 50% Suo Ke Ling WP 1500--2000 times liquid, or 40% sclerotium net wettable powder 1000 times, or 50% Carbendazim WP 500 times, at the beginning of onset. Spray it once every 7 days, spraying 3-4 times.