Licorice cultivation techniques
Licorice is a leguminous plant. The main types are Licorice licorice, Glycyrrhiza glabra, and Licorice licorice. The dry roots and rhizomes are used as medicines. The raw medicine is called licorice. It has the effect of invigorating the spleen and replenishing qi, relieving cough, clearing away heat, detoxifying, calming urgency, and reconciling the medicinal properties. Now we introduce the cultivation techniques of licorice as follows. 1. Soil selection Glycyrrhiza is a perennial herb belonging to Leguminosae Glycyrrhiza. It has well-developed rhizomes and deep into the soil. It should be suitable for drought, salt and alkali resistance, strong positivity, hi calcium, fear of earthworms, and strong vitality. Cultivation of licorice should be selected 1.50 meters below the groundwater level, drainage conditions are good, soil thickness greater than 2 meters, no consolidation layer, PH value of 8 or so, convenient irrigation of sandy soil is better. The best way to turn the floor is to turn over. If it is too late to turn over, turn over the spring can also be, but we must ensure that the soil moisture, breaking the dust, leveling the ground, otherwise it will affect the whole seedling strong seedlings. 2. Variety selection and improved seed treatment are internal factors that capture the high yield of licorice. In our county, Ural licorice and biloba licorice are generally selected as the main varieties. Seeds are used as seed material. Before seeding, they are ground with an electric rice mill, or the seed is weighed and placed in a ceramic jar. Seed dressing is carried out by adding 1 kg of seeds and 30 ml of concentrated sulfuric acid (30 ml). Repeat stirring, boring after 7 hours at 20°C, then rinse with plenty of water and dry it for later use. The germination rate can reach 90% or more. 3, sowing licorice can be sowed in spring, summer and autumn can be planted in three seasons, in which summer sowing is the best in May, when the temperature is higher, faster emergence, and there is a longer growth period before winter. Before sowing, 4,000 kg per mu and 35 kg per acre of diammonium are used as basal fertilizers for high-quality farmyard fertilizers. If seeds are used for sowing, the sowing method can be better for seeding or hole sowing. The seeding amount is 2-2.50 kg per mu, and the spacing is 30- 40 cm, spacing 15 cm, sowing depth 2.50-3 cm, 3-5 capsules per hole. 4. Field management 4.1 Fertilization: 25 kg/mu of phosphorus diammonium is applied before the seedlings sprout in the second and third year of spring. And apply the ditch to the depth of 10 cm on the side of the row, 15 cm in depth, cover the soil after fertilization. 4.2 Irrigation: Irrigation should be conducted 3-4 times a year. The amount of irrigation water is generally 85 cubic meters per acre. The first irrigation is carried out about one month after emergence, and irrigation is performed once every other month. October. The winter water is fed in the middle, and the number of irrigation can be gradually reduced in the second, third and fourth years. 4.3 Seedlings: When the licorice seedlings grow to 15 cm in height, they can be planted with a spacing of 15 cm and about 20,000 seedlings per mu. 4.4 cultivating and weeding: cultivating 3-4 times of the average cultivator in the same year, after which the frequency of cultivating can be appropriately reduced, and the cultivator can be used to eliminate the weeds in the field. 4.5 Pest control: The licorice pests and diseases in our county mainly include rust, powdery mildew, and red spider. For rust, lime sulfur can be used for control; for powdery mildew, thiophanate-methyl can be used for prevention and control; for spider mites, dimethoate can be used for prevention and treatment. 4.6 Seed-collecting: If artificial cultivation is adopted, it is necessary to collect seeds each year. During flowering and podling, the flowers and fruits near the branch shoots are removed, and large, full seeds can be obtained. Seed production should be in the seed when the seeds from the green to brown, that is, the best middle of the slurry, when the seed hard rate is low, the treatment is simple, the emergence rate is high. The time for seed collection should not be too early, otherwise the seed germination rate will be affected after sowing, resulting in the lack of seedlings and ridges, resulting in low yield and poor economic returns. 5, harvest licorice generally grow 4-6 years of harvest economic benefits are better. Before the harvest, the stems and leaves can be cut off first and then dug along both sides of the line. After the roots and stems are exposed to more than 40 centimeters from the ground, the roots and stems are pulled out. The roots of the roots are cut off from the head of the reed, roots and lateral roots. "Grass", the rhizome is called "grass", and the lateral rhizome is called "grass." The "stick grass" is graded and graded, and the length is straightened. Bundle into small bundles, dry them until they are half dry and then tie them into big bundles.