Tissue Culture and Rapid Propagation of Anthurium
Anthurium is an important tropical cut flower, the inflorescence of the Buddha, its bud is huge, hypertrophic with wax, color red, pink, white, green, two-color and so on. Its bright color, unique shape, a wide range of applications, high economic value, is the rapid development of the world, the demand for large-scale tropical cut flowers and potted flowers. First, tissue culture In the tropical rain forest of Anthurium origin, Anthurium can be used for seed breeding, but entering the flowering time is long. The propagation of ramets is the main method of propagation before Anthurium. The roots of the Anthurium chinensis are suckered by the head of the plant, resulting in cultivars that can be divided into 3-4 strains per year. The propagation coefficient is low and it is difficult to meet the seedlings required for large-scale production. Now the production of Anthurium seedlings mainly through the tissue culture for the rapid propagation of seedlings, which is the clonal technique of Anthurium. In this way, it is possible to produce uniform and high-quality seedlings in a relatively short period of time to supply production needs. The production of Anthurium seedlings by tissue culture technology mainly includes the establishment of a regeneration system, proliferation culture, rooting of strong seedlings, transplanting, and greenhouse cultivation. Second, the establishment of regeneration system The shoot tip, stem segments, young leaves and petioles of Anthurium erythraea are used as the initial culture-inducing materials, ie explants. The explants are washed clean, washed with 75% alcohol for about 30 seconds, rinsed with sterile water, then sterilized with 0.1% mercury for 10-15 minutes, rinsed thoroughly with sterile water, and the sterilized solution is removed. The sterilized filter paper is used to suck out the surface moisture, cut into suitable sizes, and inoculated in the culture medium. Different ways of inducing regeneration of different explants are different. Using shoot tip or bud culture, it can directly induce the occurrence of adventitious buds or lateral buds, and can continue to multiply, so as to achieve the purpose of cultivating seedlings. In the leaves, petioles or stems, the callus was first induced, and the callus was induced to form buds or somatic embryos. Medium can be cultured in ms, 1/2 ms or modified ms. The modified MS medium is to increase or decrease some components in the MS medium, and to reduce the amount of ammonium nitrate on the red palm has a better induction effect. In the culture, 30 g of sucrose was added per liter, and 6-7 g of agar was used as a fixative. The ph value was 5.8. Hormonal regulation is the most critical, and Anthurium is more sensitive to hormones and has a significant cumulative effect. Bud induction culture can use 1-3 mg/L 6-ba with naa 0.1 -0.2 mg/L. When the leaves were cultured, the callus was first induced with 1 mg/L 6-ba and 0.1 mg/L 2,4-d, and then transferred to differentiate culture containing 1 mg/L 6-ba + 0.1 mg/L. The base induces the formation of shoots. In the first few days after inoculation, appropriate shading can be performed. After that, use fluorescent lamp to assist light, 8-10 hours per day, culture temperature 25°C. After about 45 days of culture, new shoots or callus were induced, and then the vial was subcultured. Third, proliferation of culture After 40-50 days of induction culture, the establishment of sterile culture can rotate flask culture proliferation and promote the formation of buds. The medium can be used for ms or modified ms + 30 mg/l sucrose + 7 mg/l agar + 0.5 -1 mg/l 6-ba + 0.5 mg/l naa, and cultured for about 40 days. The cultivation conditions are the same as before. Fourth, strong seedlings and rooting culture In the proliferation of culture process, will continue to grow buds, when the proliferation to a certain amount, can reduce the amount of hormones such as 0.1-0.2 mg / l 6-ba, to promote the bud grow and grow strong , and grow roots. After strong seedlings were cultured for 1-2 passages, they were transferred to a medium supplemented with 0.1 mg/l iba or naa to promote root formation; after 7 to 10 days of culture on rooting medium, the roots of the seedlings were grown long and the roots were then grown. Gradually form the root system, cultivate about 30-40 days, the seedlings also grow up to 3-4 cm. Auxiliary lighting during this period can make seedlings more robust. V. Transplanting and greenhouse seedlings The bottle seedlings are taken out, and the medium on the seedlings can be transplanted after rinsing with tap water. The transplanting matrix can be made of 3 parts of peat, 1 part of perlite and 1 part of coconut cocoon mixed with the matrix, and some of the river sand, broken flower mud and so on. After planting, 800-1000 times of chlorothalonil is used to penetrate. Pay attention to spray moisture, moderately shaded in the early stage of transplanting. The seedlings are sprayed with foliar fertilizer every 7-10 days after survival to promote growth. Regular spraying of carbendazim, chlorothalonil and other vaccines to prevent disease. In the seedling stage, the stems and stems are relatively tender, and there are often hazards such as ground tigers and snails, which should be given prevention and treatment as appropriate. Provincial Academy of Agricultural Sciences Flower Research Institute Dr. Liao Feixiong