Jujube tree tender cutting cutting seedlings
Jujube is a tree species that is difficult to root in cuttings. The conventional seedling raising techniques are rooting seedlings and grafting seedlings. The long seeding period and high cost can not meet the production needs. In order to speed up the process of nursery development, we adopt the technique of automatic intermittent intermittent spray cutting of young shoots (hereinafter referred to as “full lightâ€), which has a rich source of cuttings, rapid and easy rooting, a well-developed root system, a high survival rate, and a short seedling period ( It only takes about 30 days) and it can cut 2-3 times a year, which reduces the cost of raising seedlings and increases the propagation coefficient. First, cutting equipment. We purchased the automatic intermittent micro sprinkler nursery system developed by the Chinese Academy of Forestry. It is composed of a moisture controller, a water pipeline (including a 32-mm diameter main pipeline, a 20-mm diameter pipeline, and a 4-mm diameter capillary tube), an atomized micro-sprayer, and a water pump. The water source is well water, and a 6 cubic meter impoundment is constructed. Pool. Second, build a trampoline. The cutting seedbed was built on a high-lying, leeward and near-water source, and a plot of land of 20 meters and 5.6 meters in length and an area of ​​112 square meters was set up, surrounded by bricks, without cement, so that excess water can be discharged freely. The bed height is 40 cm. The bed is covered with 10 cm thick pebbles on the lower layer, 10 cm thick furnace ash is placed on the middle layer, and 20 cm thick pure river sand is laid on the upper layer and sprayed with a 0.4% potassium permanganate solution. A 32-mm-diameter plastic pipe is laid on the horizontal midline of the sand bed as a main pipe, and a three-way reducing tee is connected to two 20-mm diameter branch pipes. Install a 4mm-diameter soft rubber hose (capillary tube) with a diameter of 4mm every 70cm on the branch pipe, and install an atomizing nozzle and a vertical pole on the top of the capillary tube. The length of the vertical pole is 36cm and they are inserted on both sides of the branch pipeline. The nozzle spacing and spacing are both 1.4 meters. Install a water pump with a water output of 2 tons/hour at the end of the main pipe's water source and a pump with a lift of 30 meters or more. Connect it to the moisture controller and install a water return valve near the water inlet to prevent backflow of water when the water is stopped. Turn on the power to achieve automatic intermittent spray. Third, cuttings preparation. The cuttings were collected from mid-June to early August. Select the roots sprouting, robust growth, semi-hydrological, fresh green skin, no pests, jujube head and secondary branches for cuttings. Generally collected before 8 o'clock in the morning, and then cut in the shade to 15-25 cm, each plug to ensure that there are 3-4 date hanging. Keep the upper leaves and remove the leaves that are about 5 cm above the incision so as not to affect the cuttings. Cut every 50 cuttings into a bundle, soak it in 800 times carbendazim solution for 5 to 10 minutes. After fully disinfecting, cut the cuttings upright and place them on the ground with a wet sack. Dry the water and it takes about 30 minutes. After the incision is obviously whitish, put the base of the cuttings 3-5 cm into 100 mg/L indole butyric acid or 100 mg/L ABT1 rooting powder for 6 hours soaking. The whole bundle is dried for half an hour before it starts cutting. Fourth, cutting method. Insert a 5 cm 5 cm plug into the sand bed and insert a depth of 3-4 cm. When the cutting is done, the blade faces southward. Insert the plug straight down as far as possible. During the cutting process, pay attention to spray water at any time, and it is advisable to have a water film on the leaves. Fifth, insert management. The spraying device is activated immediately after the cutting is completed. The spray control device can automatically control the spray according to the wet and dry condition of the foliage. The higher the light intensity is, the shorter the spraying time is. The weaker the spray is in the early morning and dusk, and the spraying stops automatically at night. The timing spray switch of the controller shall be activated and sprayed once every 0.5 hours. The time of spraying shall be about 20 seconds each time to ensure that the cuttings do not lose water at night. For example, start the controller's timing spray key to spray all day, can be adjusted manually, as long as the set time can be automatically timed spray, such as 8-10 hours every 10 minutes spray once; 10-12 hours every 5 minutes spray 1; 12 - Spray once every 2 minutes at 14 o'clock; reduce the number of sprays gradually after 14 o'clock. Do not spray more than 30 seconds per day during the day, and gradually reduce the number of sprays after rooting. In the management process, spray 800 times 40% carbendazim solution once a week after stopping the water in the evening to prevent cuttings from rot. Spray 0.2% urea once during the larval period. Jujube tree tender cuttings seedlings in the mist conditions is the root of the roots and then germinate, general cuttings 7-10 days after the start of callus, about 15 days to produce roots, 20 days after reaching the rooting peak, after 30 days should basically stop spraying or only Spraying water 1 time at noon, hardening seedlings 5-7 days ready for transplanting. Six, seedlings transplanted. Do the trick before transplanting and disinfect with 0.4% potassium permanganate in advance. The seedlings grow from north to south, usually 1.2 meters wide, with 4 furrows per furrow, spacing of 30 centimeters, plant spacing of 15 centimeters and 30 centimeters, and planting time should be selected on cloudy or late evening. When planting with the seedlings, with the grading, with the mud, with the planting with watering, and then cover the fine soil, and righting the seedlings immediately after the irrigation of water once, after the first 5 days, the first 10 days of water, A 0.3% urea was sprayed 10 days after planting, and then transferred to normal management. In order to improve the survival rate of transplanting, micro-spray irrigation equipment can be installed to ensure that transplanted seedlings resume growth as soon as possible, and water can be removed after 10 days. The rooted seedlings can also be transplanted into a 8 cm 8 cm nutrient bowl. The nutrient soil is prepared at a ratio of 3:3:1 for loam soil, river sand, and compost, and then disinfected with 0.4% potassium permanganate, and then replaced. Sand bed, spray properly. After the seedlings have survived, they are transferred to shading sheds to consolidate the seedlings. After 15 days, the seedlings are transplanted with seedlings into nursery pots and filled with water. The survival rate will be over 90%. The use of all-optical fogging and seedling raising technology, jujube tree tender cuttings seedlings, intermittent spraying method, to provide water for the cuttings, adjust the temperature and humidity of the plug bed and air, the rooting of the cuttings is conducive to the normal photosynthesis of the leaves, Provides the necessary auxin and nutrients for the rooting of the cuttings, thereby facilitating the rapid rooting of the cuttings on ventilated, well-drained, clean and sterile sand beds, and greatly improving the survival rate of the cuttings. The use of micro-sprinkler irrigation technology also has the advantages of water saving, land saving, labor saving and high efficiency. 112 square meters of seedbed nursery cuttings 40,000-50,000 seedlings, 2-3 times a year, can cultivate about 100,000 seedling cuttings, so this technology is an effective way to quickly breed jujube trees.