Organic Chinese Cabbage Cultivation Technology

Choose a site with no pollution and good ecological conditions to establish a production base. The base should be far away from the industrial and mining area and traffic, and avoid the impact of industrial and urban pollution sources. The quality of air environment, farm irrigation water quality and soil environment quality in production areas should meet the production standards of organic agricultural products, and the soil pH6.5-7.0. The former had not planted cabbage and cruciferous crop fields.

2. Soil fertigation

Before planting or sowing, apply 5,000 kg of high-quality rotten farmyard fertilizer per acre, combined with deep-disapprove one-time application, and then apply organic bio-vegetable fertilizer 50kg per acre as a base fertilizer, tilling, cultivating, ridging, and ridge width of 70 cm.

3. Variety selection

Choose middle and late-maturing varieties that are suitable for local climate conditions, such as Beijing New No.3, CR delicious, Qiubao, and Xiqiu varieties with high yield, single plant, good quality, and cold resistance.

4. Cultivation of strong seedlings

4.1 Live

Sowing in mid-July, there are two methods of drilling and sowing. Soil drought should be sowed. During the drilling, first open a shallow ditch 1.5-2.0cm deep, and water along the ditch. After the water infiltrates, the seeds will be evenly plunged into the ditch. When the hole is sown, press the 40-50cm spacing, and the depth of the hole is 1.0-1.5cm. Press Watering the hole, after water infiltration, sowing 5-6 seeds per hole, covering 1.0cm thick. About 2500 acres of seedlings.

4.2 seedling transplanting

If the cabbage is replanted in early-season melon or potatoes, it is necessary to transplant seedlings in order to strive for the number of birth days.

4.2.1 Preparation of nutritious soil

Take 40% of Daejeon earth without insect eggs, no pathogens, no long-lasting residual herbicide, and 60% of farmyard manure with high-quality maturity, and then sprinkle a certain amount of microbial agent Trichoderma, which can effectively control the damping-off of the seedling stage and make it dry Diseases and other diseases, and then mixed evenly, for seedbed soil, plug, nutrition seedlings nursery.

4.2.2 sowing method

Seedlings on nursery beds are drilled in a shallow ditch with a depth of 1-2cm by 10cm row spacing and watered along the ditch. After the water is soaked, the seeds are evenly sowed in the ditch, and then the cover is 1.0cm thick. When two true leaves are available, they can be moved into the nutrition bowl for management. Can also be used directly nutrition seedlings, plug seedlings: the prepared nutrient soil can be directly loaded into the pot and the plug, soaked in the bottom water, broadcast 3-5 seeds per hole, and then cover the soil 1.0cm. After the sowing is completed, the cover film is moistened, and the film is removed when the seedlings are arched.

4.2.3 Seedling Management

Water management, after sowing, if the water content is good, no watering is needed during the germination period. If the bottom boring is not enough or when the soil is hot and droughty, water is poured after sowing, the second water is poured when the seedlings pour soil, the cotyledons are unfolded, and the water is poured a third time. water.

5. Field management

5.1 seed dressing

7-8 days after seedling emergence, the first time the seedlings are planted, and the seedlings are watered after spraying, spraying humic acid foliar fertilizers. When the seedlings grow to 4 true leaves, the second time the seedlings and the seedlings are selected. Retain strong seedlings, big seedlings, eliminate weak seedlings, diseased seedlings, seedlings.

5.2. Transplanting seedlings

About 20 days after sowing, the seedlings can be planted when they grow to 5-6 true leaves, and they are irrigated on the day before planting to facilitate seedling raising and transplanting with soil so as not to damage the roots. Before transplanting, 40-50 cm spacing on the ridges is planted. Open the planting hole, place the seedlings, and pour the bottom water in the hole. After the water seeps, cover the soil to the stem base.

5.3. Cultivating and weeding

Shallow ridge backs, deep ridges and ditch, and a small amount of loose soil cultured in the roots of seedlings to prevent the root bar was exposed to water erosion.

5.4 Rosette period management

This period uses seedlings measures to promote root development. After setting seedlings, 20kg of compound organic fertilizer for biological organic vegetables will be applied per acre. After fertilization, watering will accelerate the decomposition of fertilizer, and water will be poured after 3-4 days. Water control seedlings were grown 10 days before the shoots, which promoted the growth of leafballs. When the leaves were dark green, thick and wrinkled, light and wilted at noon, the young seedlings were turned green from yellow to green.

5.5 ball period

When the rosette leaves are ridged and the heart leaves start to cohere, the seedlings are finished and the watering begins. The water volume should not be too large to prevent the petiole from cracking and damaging the roots. After 2-3 days, the water is poured again. After the ridges are sealed, the water is poured every 5-6 days. Keep the ground moist, stop watering for 1 week before harvest, and reduce the moisture content of the plants to facilitate storage.

6. Pest control

Diseases and pests implement the plant protection policy of “prevention-based, comprehensive prevention and control”.

6.1 Agricultural Control

Through the selection of disease-resistant varieties, reasonable fertilizer and water management, crop rotation, and intercropping of diverse crops, the protection of natural enemies and other agricultural management measures will be integrated to prevent and control pests and diseases.

6.2. Physical control

The adult insects of cabbage caterpillar, diamondback moth, and underground pests were trapped with insecticidal lamp and sweet and sour liquid.

6.3. Biological control

6.3.1 Pest Control

Plutella xylostella adults were baited with sex attractants. Aphids, Plutella xylostella, and Pieris rapae were treated with matrine, BT emulsion, avermectin, and rapeseed granule virus. Yellow strips of armor were sprayed with rotenone and matrine on seedlings and soil.

6.3.2 Disease Prevention

Cabbage soft rot was treated with 30% mineral whetstone microemulsion or oxytetracycline, neomycin, or streptomycin, mesitectin. The cabbage virus disease first must pay attention to the control of aphids, which are the vectors of viral diseases. Virus disease at the beginning of the disease with amino oligosaccharides, or xiangru polysaccharide, or ningnanmycin spray control. The cabbage downy mildew was sprayed with polyoxin, Bacillus licheniformis, or matrine.

7. Harvest

7.1 Harvesting

Harvesting can be started when the pack is tight and the time is from early October to late January. Both methods of chopping and picking are used.

7.2 post-processing

Drying and sunny days arrange the cabbage neatly in the field, so that the ball leaves the north, the roots first sunburned 2-3 days south, then turn over the sun 2-3 days. Clear yellow leaves, diseased leaves, old leaves, and roots, so that the net vegetable market.

7.3 Storage

Store at 0-1 °C, air humidity 90%-95%, ventilated environment.

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